VIKTOR USPENSKY
(1879-1949)
People’s artist of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, doctor of arts, musical ethnographer and talented composer Viktor Alexandrovich Uspensky, with his multifaceted creative and public activities, made a significant contribution to the development of the musical culture of our republic. He worked among the first to find solutions to a number of creative problems, creating musical works in different genres, leaving a bright mark on the history of Uzbek music of the 20th century.
In particular, in 1923, on the initiative of the statesman and public figure, the enlightened scholar Abdurauf Fitrat, “Shahmaqom” recorded the turkuminimg instrumental section from Ota Ghiyos Abduganiyev with the singing section from Ota Jalol Nosirov and published it under the title “Shest’ muzikalnix poem (makomi)” in 1924. Also, for several years in the performance of hofiz Shorahim Shoumarov, the categories “Dugoh Husayniy”, “Chorgoh”, “Shahnoz-Guliyor”, “Bayot” from the Fergana-Tashkent statuses; in addition to these, he performed the notation of classical melodies and songs” Qarinavo“,” Sobirjon“,” Zarkokil“,” advanced “and” Dilrabo”.
V.As an ethnographic scientist, Uspensky documented not only the Uzbek folk musical heritage, but also the music of the fraternal peoples, taking note of it. In particular, in 1928, V.M.In collaboration with Belyayev, he publishes a book called “Turkmen music”, and this Labor is awarded a special prize. In 1929, V.A.Uspensky is awarded the honorary title “People’s artist of Turkmenistan”.
Composer W.A.Uspensky created colorful works in various forms and genres of musical art over the years, despite being busy with the scientific work of the folklore expedition, pedagogical and public activities. In particular, the Symphonic Suite “four songs of the peoples of Central Asia”, written in 1924, is the first example created in this genre. The author also composed the following works for piano: prelude, sonata, variation, etyud; the first notebook of a collection of plays based on Uzbek classical music samples “Miskin-2”, “Mukhammasi Iraq”, “Savti Ajam”, “Samoi Duguh and Askariy”; “Ufor-Sociynoma”, “Bayanchi”, “Naylaram”, “Usmaniya” and “Rajabi” a collection of plays for four hands is the second notebook (these two F-no notebooks were published in Tashkent in 1936), “worship of Fire”, “” “song Under Water” (1945., 1948.), Rhapsody on the basis of” Nasrulloyi ” (1947.), The play” Novella ” (1951.), Two Lyric waltzes, the play “Butterfly” (1955.) etc. Also, the composer received from the musical-stage works A.Based on the epic of Navoi, he created the musical drama “Farhad and Shirin”, and then an opera on its basis.
In 1937, V.A.Uspensky was awarded the honorary title” people’s artist of Uzbekistan”. In 1943, however, he was awarded the degree of Doctor of arts without protection for his scientific work.