MIKHAIL GLINKA
(1804—1857)
Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka is a great Russian composer. Born on June 1, 1804 in the village of Novospasskoye, Smolensk Oblast, in the family of a noble landowner. Until 1818-1822 he was educated at the Nobel boarding school at the St. Petersburg Pedagogical Institute. Young M. at his boarding school. Glinka begins composing music and is known as the author of great romances. During these years, he wrote a total of 80 works for voice and fortepianino, including masterpieces of vocal lyricism: “do not bring my passion”, “doubt”, the series “farewell to St. Petersburg” and others. Upon graduation from boarding school, M.Glinka enrolled in the General Directorate of communications, but left his studies due to his interest in music.
During the years 1830-1834, vas, who was on long journeys through Italy, Austria, Germany, became closely acquainted with European musical traditions there, honing his composing skills. On his return, the composer realizes his creative dream of writing Russian opera. A. The plot of the opera, proposed by Zhukovsky, is devoted to the courage of Ivan Susanin.
In 1836, the premiere of the Opera “life for the King” took place in St. Petersburg. After the success, M. Glinka begins writing his second opera. It is an opera. A. S.Created on the basis of the Pushkin plot.The process of creating an Opera took six years. In 1842, the premiere of the first fairy-tale-epic opera in the history of Russian music, “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, took place.
Glinka’s work was highly regarded by musicians and his contemporaries. F. Liszt had performed” Chernomor marshi “from”Ruslan and Lyudmila” at his recast concerts for pipianino.
M. During 1844-1847. Glinka travels through France and Spain. Images of Spain were featured in his overtures “the wife of Aragon” (1845) and “the night in Madrid” (1851). The composer vividly embodies the image of his native country in the works of symphonic music. While in Warsaw, however, he creates the orchestral fantasy “Kamarinskaya” (1848) based on the theme of two Russian folk songs. About this work in time P. I. Tchaikovsky said:”like oak nuts, it included all Russian symphonic music”.
M. in 1856.Glinka goes to Berlin to restore old Russian znamen church songs in his works, to learn Polyphony from Old Masters. It was not possible to implement the plan.The composer died on February 15, 1857.