DMITRY SHOSTAKOVICH
(1906-1975)
Dmitry Dmitriyevich Shostakovich is a well-known composer. He was born in St. Petersburg on September 25, 1906. In 1919 he entered the Petrograd conservatory, which he studied in two specialties – piano (L.V.Nikolaev class) and in composition in 1925 (M.O.Steinberg class) successfully graduated. Presented as a diploma work, the composer’s First Symphony brought him fame.
Symphony genre D.Shostakovich is considered a leading genre in his work. The composer bimotida composed 15 symphonies, including one dedicated to Leningrad, and the seventh popular symphony, created during the heavy blockade of 1941. Since the composer personally experienced all the terrible moments of the blockade, the Masterpiece vividly expresses images, including the image of the approaching enemy, in the first part of the symphony, when the theme of the invasion sounds. The symphony displays a stark contrast between the images of a peaceful life and a disastrous war. This symphony is illuminated by the personification of the strong will and perseverance of the people against the invaders. In addition to symphonies, the composer is led by the string quartet jvnri. D.Shostakovich is a world-renowned 15-string quartet muavlle.
The composer also contributed to the development of the opera genre. In 1930, Shostakovich N.V.Based on Gogol’s story, he creates his first opera “The Nose” in 1934.S.The opera “Lady Macbeth of Msensk” (Katerina Izmailova, new edition 1956), based on Leskov’s story, came to Dune. After Gogol, the composer began the opera “The Gambler” but did not have time to finish. After his death in 1978, the work made its concert debut.
D.Although Shostakovich’s services as a symphonist were recognized from his early steps, his opera work was not accepted by both the public and critics for a long time. The factors involved were fully expressed in” Pravda “s January 28, 1936 article” confusion in place of music”. D.Shostakovich’s ballets” the Golden Age “(1930),” Bolt “(1931) and” the bright stream ” were not biased from critical views on the subject (1935).
Since 1937, the composer has been conducting pedagogical activities at the Leningrad Conservatory, since 1939 he continued his work as a professor of composition. During 1943-1948, the composer also worked at the Moscow Conservatory. In the composer’s class, G.V.Such a famous disciple as Sviridov learned lessons.
D.Shostakovich, honored as an honorary member of many foreign academies, an honorary Doctor of a number of higher educational institutions, his work has an important place in the development of the musical art of Jahahan and influences him. The composer died in Moscow on 9 August 1975.