PIOTR ILIĆ TCHAIKOVSKY
(1840-1893)
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is a great composer, conductor, O Tchaikovsky the guitarist. On May 7, 1840, in the village around the Kamsko-Votkinsk plant (now Votkinsk, Udmurtia), a mining engineer was born in his family. In 1850, he moved to St. Petersburg with his whole family, where he studied with P.I. Tchaikovsky enrolled in the Faculty of law and tumomed it in 1859. He is allocated a place from the Ministry of justice for the title and activities of the titular adviser. But his great love of music led him to the then newly opened St. Petersburg Conservatory in 1862, causing him to take exams. In 1863, the kolajak kopmozotpr stops Public Service and graduates the conservatory with a silver medal (1866). P.I.Tchaikovsky is invited to the Moscow Conservatory for the position of professor. The author’s “first symphony”(Winter Dreams) followed in the same year, and his opera “Voevoda” in 1869, as well as his Fantasy Overture “Romeo and Juliet”, his famous First Piano Concerto in 1875, and his ballet “Swan Lake” in 1876.
In the late 1870s, the composer experienced a severe mental crisis associated with a failed marriage. He stopped teaching in 1878. Nevertheless, the usshs, in these years, one of his most famous works – A. S. Based on the Pushkin plot, the Opera “Yevgeny Onegin” was created. And the real creative peak is A.S.There was an opera, “The Lady of Piki” (1890), based on Pushkin’s story. In 1891, P.I. Tchaikovsky wrote his last opera, “Iolanta”. Among the works he wrote for the ballet were “the Sleeping Beauty”, (1889); “the applause” (1892), which showcased the artist’s talent. P.I.Tchaikovsky’s rise as a symphonist found its vivid expression in his sixth symphony (1893).
The composer regularly resorted to small forms in his work. His bisote included 100 romances, masterpieces of vocal lyricism, as well as more than 100 pippianino plays (including”seasons of the year” (1876) and “children’s album” (1878)). P.I.Tchaikovsky’s work was highly regarded during his lifetime. The composer was elected director of the Russian Musical Society in 1885, corresponding member of the French Academy of Fine Arts in 892, and honorary Doctor of the University of Cambridge in 1893.
P.I. Tchaikovsky spent the last years of his life in Klin, near Moscow. The house, purchased there in 1892, became the composer’s House Museum from 1894.The composer died in Petersburg on November 6, 1893.