MIRZO ULUGBEK
(1394- 1449)
Mirzo (later Sultan) Muhammad ibn Shohrukh ibn Temur Ulughbek Kuragon was a ruler of the Timurid state, an Uzbek astronomer (star scientist) and mathematician with an incomparable place in the Tamaddun of World Science. He became governor of Movarounnahr under his father Shahrukh Mirza and Sultan of the entire Timurid Empire (1447-1449) upon his father’s death. Ulugbek was distinguished by his scientific and creative work in mathematics related to astronomy, such as trigonometry and spherical geometry, as well as general interests in art and intellectual activities. He is thought to have spoken five languages: Turkic, Arabic, Persian, Mongolian, and a small number of Chinese.
During the reign of Mirzo Ulugbek, the country reached the cultural peak of the Timurid renaissance thanks to his attention and patronage. The Samarkand governorate was given to Ulughbek by his father Shahrukh Mirza.
He built the great Ulugbek Observatory in Samarkand in 1424-1429. In the eyes of scholars, the observatory was the best in the Islamic world at the time, the largest in Central Asia. Ulughbeck was later recognized by many scholars as the most important astronomer of the 15th century. He also built the ulughbek madrasa in Samarkand and Bukhara (1417-1420), making these cities the Centers of cultural science of Central Asia.
The treatise “Tuxfat us – surur”, by the pen of the famous musicologist, hofiz and musician Darwish Ali Changi, who lived and worked in the late 16th – first half of the 17th century, states that Ulughbek Mirzo himself was also counted as a music scholar.
The historical book “Muhit at-tavorix“, on the other hand, deals with such musical works as” Bilujiy“,” Shadiyya“,” Morali“,” Tabrizi“,” Usuli Ravan“,” Usuli Bakhri”, composed by Ulughbek.
In the Times of Ulugbek, such beautiful castles as the “Chkhil column”, The “Porcelain room” were built in the “Garden Square”, in which, after scientific discussions, there were musicians, musicians from different sides of the country, the Hafiz were exhibiting their art.